public abstract class Reference<T> {
//引用的对象
private T referent;
//回收队列，由使用者在Reference的构造函数中指定
volatile ReferenceQueue<? super T> queue;
//当该引用被加入到queue中的时候，该字段被设置为queue中的下一个元素，以形成链表结构
volatile Reference next;
//在GC时，JVM底层会维护一个叫DiscoveredList的链表，存放的是Reference对象，discovered字段指向的就是链表中的下一个元素，由JVM设置
transient private Reference<T> discovered;
//进行线程同步的锁对象
static private class Lock { }
private static Lock lock = new Lock();
//等待加入queue的Reference对象，在GC时由JVM设置，会有一个java层的线程(ReferenceHandler)源源不断的从pending中提取元素加入到queue
private static Reference<Object> pending = null;
}
private static class ReferenceHandler extends Thread {
...
public void run() {
while (true) {
tryHandlePending(true);
}
}
}
static boolean tryHandlePending(boolean waitForNotify) {
Reference<Object> r;
Cleaner c;
try {
synchronized (lock) {
if (pending != null) {
r = pending;
//如果是Cleaner对象，则记录下来，下面做特殊处理
c = r instanceof Cleaner ? (Cleaner) r : null;
//指向PendingList的下一个对象
pending = r.discovered;
r.discovered = null;
} else {
//如果pending为null就先等待，当有对象加入到PendingList中时，jvm会执行notify
if (waitForNotify) {
lock.wait();
}
// retry if waited
return waitForNotify;
}
}
}
...
// 如果时CLeaner对象，则调用clean方法进行资源回收
if (c != null) {
c.clean();
return true;
}
//将Reference加入到ReferenceQueue，开发者可以通过从ReferenceQueue中poll元素感知到对象被回收的事件。
ReferenceQueue<? super Object> q = r.queue;
if (q != ReferenceQueue.NULL) q.enqueue(r);
return true;
}
public class SoftReference<T> extends Reference<T> {
static private long clock;
private long timestamp;
public SoftReference(T referent) {
super(referent);
this.timestamp = clock;
}
public SoftReference(T referent, ReferenceQueue<? super T> q) {
super(referent, q);
this.timestamp = clock;
}
public T get() {
T o = super.get();
if (o != null && this.timestamp != clock)
this.timestamp = clock;
return o;
}
}
size_t
ReferenceProcessor::process_discovered_reflist(
DiscoveredList refs_lists[],
ReferencePolicy* policy,
bool clear_referent,
BoolObjectClosure* is_alive,
OopClosure* keep_alive,
VoidClosure* complete_gc,
AbstractRefProcTaskExecutor* task_executor)
{
...
//还记得上文提到过的DiscoveredList吗?refs_lists就是DiscoveredList。
//对于DiscoveredList的处理分为几个阶段，SoftReference的处理就在第一阶段
...
for (uint i = 0; i < _max_num_q; i ) {
process_phase1(refs_lists[i], policy,
is_alive, keep_alive, complete_gc);
}
...
}
//该阶段的主要目的就是当内存足够时，将对应的SoftReference从refs_list中移除。
void
ReferenceProcessor::process_phase1(DiscoveredList& refs_list,
ReferencePolicy* policy,
BoolObjectClosure* is_alive,
OopClosure* keep_alive,
VoidClosure* complete_gc) {
DiscoveredListIterator iter(refs_list, keep_alive, is_alive);
// Decide which softly reachable refs should be kept alive.
while (iter.has_next()) {
iter.load_ptrs(DEBUG_ONLY(!discovery_is_atomic() /* allow_null_referent */));
//判断引用的对象是否存活
bool referent_is_dead = (iter.referent() != NULL) && !iter.is_referent_alive();
//如果引用的对象已经不存活了，则会去调用对应的ReferencePolicy判断该对象是不时要被回收
if (referent_is_dead &&
!policy->should_clear_reference(iter.obj(), _soft_ref_timestamp_clock)) {
if (TraceReferenceGC) {
gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Dropping reference (" INTPTR_FORMAT ": %s" ") by policy",
(void *)iter.obj(), iter.obj()->klass()->internal_name());
}
// Remove Reference object from list
iter.remove();
// Make the Reference object active again
iter.make_active();
// keep the referent around
iter.make_referent_alive();
iter.move_to_next();
} else {
iter.next();
}
}
...
}
bool LRUMaxHeapPolicy::should_clear_reference(oop p,
jlong timestamp_clock) {
jlong interval = timestamp_clock - java_lang_ref_SoftReference::timestamp(p);
assert(interval >= 0, "Sanity check");
// The interval will be zero if the ref was accessed since the last scavenge/gc.
if(interval <= _max_interval) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
void LRUCurrentHeapPolicy::setup() {
_max_interval = (Universe::get_heap_free_at_last_gc() / M) * SoftRefLRUPolicyMSPerMB;
assert(_max_interval >= 0,"Sanity check");
}
void LRUMaxHeapPolicy::setup() {
size_t max_heap = MaxHeapSize;
max_heap -= Universe::get_heap_used_at_last_gc();
max_heap /= M;
_max_interval = max_heap * SoftRefLRUPolicyMSPerMB;
assert(_max_interval >= 0,"Sanity check");
}
public class WeakReference<T> extends Reference<T> {
public WeakReference(T referent) {
super(referent);
}
public WeakReference(T referent, ReferenceQueue<? super T> q) {
super(referent, q);
}
}
size_t
ReferenceProcessor::process_discovered_reflist(
DiscoveredList refs_lists[],
ReferencePolicy* policy,
bool clear_referent,
BoolObjectClosure* is_alive,
OopClosure* keep_alive,
VoidClosure* complete_gc,
AbstractRefProcTaskExecutor* task_executor)
{
...
//Phase 1:将所有不存活但是还不能被回收的软引用从refs_lists中移除（只有refs_lists为软引用的时候，这里policy才不为null）
if (policy != NULL) {
if (mt_processing) {
RefProcPhase1Task phase1(*this, refs_lists, policy, true /*marks_oops_alive*/);
task_executor->execute(phase1);
} else {
for (uint i = 0; i < _max_num_q; i ) {
process_phase1(refs_lists[i], policy,
is_alive, keep_alive, complete_gc);
}
}
} else { // policy == NULL
assert(refs_lists != _discoveredSoftRefs,
"Policy must be specified for soft references.");
}
// Phase 2:
// 移除所有指向对象还存活的引用
if (mt_processing) {
RefProcPhase2Task phase2(*this, refs_lists, !discovery_is_atomic() /*marks_oops_alive*/);
task_executor->execute(phase2);
} else {
for (uint i = 0; i < _max_num_q; i ) {
process_phase2(refs_lists[i], is_alive, keep_alive, complete_gc);
}
}
// Phase 3:
// 根据clear_referent的值决定是否将不存活对象回收
if (mt_processing) {
RefProcPhase3Task phase3(*this, refs_lists, clear_referent, true /*marks_oops_alive*/);
task_executor->execute(phase3);
} else {
for (uint i = 0; i < _max_num_q; i ) {
process_phase3(refs_lists[i], clear_referent,
is_alive, keep_alive, complete_gc);
}
}
return total_list_count;
}
void
ReferenceProcessor::process_phase3(DiscoveredList& refs_list,
bool clear_referent,
BoolObjectClosure* is_alive,
OopClosure* keep_alive,
VoidClosure* complete_gc) {
ResourceMark rm;
DiscoveredListIterator iter(refs_list, keep_alive, is_alive);
while (iter.has_next()) {
iter.update_discovered();
iter.load_ptrs(DEBUG_ONLY(false /* allow_null_referent */));
if (clear_referent) {
// NULL out referent pointer
//将Reference的referent字段置为null，之后会被GC回收
iter.clear_referent();
} else {
// keep the referent around
//标记引用的对象为存活，该对象在这次GC将不会被回收
iter.make_referent_alive();
}
...
}
...
}
ReferenceProcessorStats ReferenceProcessor::process_discovered_references(
BoolObjectClosure* is_alive,
OopClosure* keep_alive,
VoidClosure* complete_gc,
AbstractRefProcTaskExecutor* task_executor,
GCTimer* gc_timer) {
NOT_PRODUCT(verify_ok_to_handle_reflists());
...
//process_discovered_reflist方法的第3个字段就是clear_referent
// Soft references
size_t soft_count = 0;
{
GCTraceTime tt("SoftReference", trace_time, false, gc_timer);
soft_count =
process_discovered_reflist(_discoveredSoftRefs, _current_soft_ref_policy, true,
is_alive, keep_alive, complete_gc, task_executor);
}
update_soft_ref_master_clock();
// Weak references
size_t weak_count = 0;
{
GCTraceTime tt("WeakReference", trace_time, false, gc_timer);
weak_count =
process_discovered_reflist(_discoveredWeakRefs, NULL, true,
is_alive, keep_alive, complete_gc, task_executor);
}
// Final references
size_t final_count = 0;
{
GCTraceTime tt("FinalReference", trace_time, false, gc_timer);
final_count =
process_discovered_reflist(_discoveredFinalRefs, NULL, false,
is_alive, keep_alive, complete_gc, task_executor);
}
// Phantom references
size_t phantom_count = 0;
{
GCTraceTime tt("PhantomReference", trace_time, false, gc_timer);
phantom_count =
process_discovered_reflist(_discoveredPhantomRefs, NULL, false,
is_alive, keep_alive, complete_gc, task_executor);
}
...
}
public class PhantomReference<T> extends Reference<T> {
public T get() {
return null;
}
public PhantomReference(T referent, ReferenceQueue<? super T> q) {
super(referent, q);
}
}
public static void demo() throws InterruptedException {
Object obj = new Object();
ReferenceQueue<Object> refQueue =new ReferenceQueue<>();
PhantomReference<Object> phanRef =new PhantomReference<>(obj, refQueue);
Object objg = phanRef.get();
//这里拿到的是null
System.out.println(objg);
//让obj变成垃圾
obj=null;
System.gc();
Thread.sleep(3000);
//gc后会将phanRef加入到refQueue中
Reference<? extends Object> phanRefP = refQueue.remove();
//这里输出true
System.out.println(phanRefP==phanRef);
}